{"text_format":"3","workbook":"xlsx","n_sheets":1,"sheets":["Sheet1"],"read":"whole","date_system":"1900"}

{"sheet":"Sheet1","index":0,"n_rows":870,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":870,"merged":[[1,1,1,2],[46,1,46,2],[65,1,65,2],[78,1,78,2],[101,1,101,2],[120,1,120,2],[142,1,142,2],[157,1,157,2],[173,1,173,2],[186,1,186,2],[203,1,203,2],[328,1,331,1],[398,1,398,2],[421,1,423,1],[425,1,426,1],[427,1,428,1],[445,1,445,2],[488,1,488,3],[501,1,501,3],[588,1,588,3],[627,1,627,2],[629,1,630,1],[632,1,633,1],[634,1,635,1],[636,1,639,1],[640,1,643,1],[644,1,647,1],[651,1,652,1],[654,1,656,1],[658,1,661,1],[666,1,667,1],[668,1,669,1],[670,1,671,1],[672,1,673,1],[674,1,676,1],[678,1,680,1],[683,1,684,1],[685,1,686,1],[687,1,688,1],[690,1,691,1],[693,1,694,1],[696,1,699,1],[730,1,730,3],[731,2,733,3],[734,3,736,3],[737,3,739,3],[740,1,740,3],[741,2,743,3],[744,3,746,3],[747,3,749,3],[750,3,752,3],[753,3,755,3],[756,3,758,3],[759,3,761,3],[762,3,764,3],[765,1,765,3],[766,2,768,3],[769,3,771,3],[772,3,774,3],[775,3,777,3],[778,3,780,3],[781,3,783,3],[784,3,786,3],[787,3,789,3],[790,1,790,3],[791,2,793,3],[794,3,796,3],[797,3,799,3],[800,3,802,3],[803,3,805,3],[806,3,808,3],[809,3,811,3],[812,3,814,3],[815,3,817,3],[818,3,820,3],[821,3,823,3],[824,3,826,3],[827,3,829,3],[830,3,832,3],[833,3,835,3],[836,3,838,3],[839,3,841,3],[842,3,844,3],[845,3,847,3],[848,1,848,3],[849,2,851,3],[852,3,854,3],[855,3,857,3],[858,3,860,3],[861,3,863,3],[864,3,866,3],[867,3,869,3]]}
[]
[null,"                          字符串方法大全"]
[null,"对象.方法()","用法说明"]
[null,"capitalize()","把字符串的第一个字符改为大写"]
[null,"casefold()","把整个字符串的所有字符改为小写"]
[null,"center(width)","将字符串居中，并使用空格填充至长度 width 的新字符串"]
[null,"count(sub[, start[, end]])","返回 sub 在字符串里边出现的次数，start 和 end 参数表示范围，可选。"]
[null,"encode(encoding='utf-8', errors='strict')","以 encoding 指定的编码格式对字符串进行编码。"]
[null,"endswith(sub[, start[, end]])","检查字符串是否以 sub 子字符串结束，如果是返回 True，否则返回 False。start 和 end 参数表示范围，可选。"]
[null,"expandtabs([tabsize=8])","把字符串中的 tab 符号（\\t）转换为空格，如不指定参数，默认的空格数是 tabsize=8。"]
[null,"find(sub[, start[, end]])","检测 sub 是否包含在字符串中，如果有则返回索引值，否则返回 -1，start 和 end 参数表示范围，可选。"]
[null,"index(sub[, start[, end]])","跟 find 方法一样，不过如果 sub 不在 string 中会产生一个异常。"]
[null,"isalnum()","如果字符串至少有一个字符并且所有字符都是字母或数字则返回 True，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"isalpha()","如果字符串至少有一个字符并且所有字符都是字母则返回 True，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"isdecimal()","如果字符串只包含十进制数字则返回 True，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"isdigit()","如果字符串只包含数字则返回 True，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"islower()","如果字符串中至少包含一个区分大小写的字符，并且这些字符都是小写，则返回 True，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"isnumeric()","如果字符串中只包含数字字符，则返回 True，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"isspace()","如果字符串中只包含空格，则返回 True，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"istitle()","如果字符串是标题化（所有的单词都是以大写开始，其余字母均小写），则返回 True，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"isupper()","如果字符串中至少包含一个区分大小写的字符，并且这些字符都是大写，则返回 True，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"join(sub)","以字符串作为分隔符，插入到 sub 中所有的字符之间。"]
[null,"ljust(width)","返回一个左对齐的字符串，并使用空格填充至长度为 width 的新字符串。"]
[null,"lower()","转换字符串中所有大写字符为小写。"]
[null,"lstrip()","去掉字符串左边的所有空格"]
[null,"partition(sub)","找到子字符串 sub，把字符串分成一个 3 元组 (pre_sub, sub, fol_sub)，如果字符串中不包含 sub 则返回 ('原字符串', '', '')"]
[null,"replace(old, new[, count])","把字符串中的 old 子字符串替换成 new 子字符串，如果 count 指定，则替换不超过 count 次。"]
[null,"rfind(sub[, start[, end]])","类似于 find() 方法，不过是从右边开始查找。"]
[null,"rindex(sub[, start[, end]])","类似于 index() 方法，不过是从右边开始。"]
[null,"rjust(width)","返回一个右对齐的字符串，并使用空格填充至长度为 width 的新字符串。"]
[null,"rpartition(sub)","类似于 partition() 方法，不过是从右边开始查找。"]
[null,"rstrip()","删除字符串末尾的空格。"]
[null,"split(sep=None, maxsplit=-1)","不带参数默认是以空格为分隔符切片字符串，如果 maxsplit 参数有设置，则仅分隔 maxsplit 个子字符串，返回切片后的子字符串拼接的列表。"]
[null,"splitlines(([keepends]))","在输出结果里是否去掉换行符，默认为 False，不包含换行符；如果为 True，则保留换行符。。"]
[null,"startswith(prefix[, start[, end]])","检查字符串是否以 prefix 开头，是则返回 True，否则返回 False。start 和 end 参数可以指定范围检查，可选。"]
[null,"strip([chars])","删除字符串前边和后边所有的空格，chars 参数可以定制删除的字符，可选。"]
[null,"swapcase()","翻转字符串中的大小写。"]
[null,"title()","返回标题化（所有的单词都是以大写开始，其余字母均小写）的字符串。"]
[null,"translate(table)","根据 table 的规则（可以由 str.maketrans('a', 'b') 定制）转换字符串中的字符。"]
[null,"upper()","转换字符串中的所有小写字符为大写。"]
[null,"zfill(width)","返回长度为 width 的字符串，原字符串右对齐，前边用 0 填充。"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"                        字符串格式化符号含义"]
[null,"符号","说明"]
[null,"%c","格式化字符及其 ASCII 码"]
[null,"%s","格式化字符串"]
[null,"%d","格式化整数"]
[null,"%o","格式化无符号八进制数"]
[null,"%x","格式化无符号十六进制数"]
[null,"%X","格式化无符号十六进制数（大写）"]
[null,"%f","格式化浮点数字，可指定小数点后的精度"]
[null,"%e","用科学计数法格式化浮点数"]
[null,"%E","作用同 %e，用科学计数法格式化浮点数"]
[null,"%g","根据值的大小决定使用 %f 或 %e"]
[null,"%G","作用同 %g，根据值的大小决定使用 %f 或者 %E"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"                                                  格式化操作符辅助命令"]
[null,"符号","说明"]
[null,"m.n","m 是显示的最小总宽度，n 是小数点后的位数"]
[null,"-","用于左对齐"]
[null,"+","在正数前面显示加号（+）"]
[null,"#","在八进制数前面显示 '0o'，在十六进制数前面显示 '0x' 或 '0X'"]
[null,0,"显示的数字前面填充 '0' 取代空格"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Python 的转义字符及其含义"]
[null,null,"说明"]
[null,"符号","单引号"]
[null,"\\'","双引号"]
[null,"\\\"","发出系统响铃声"]
[null,"\\a","退格符"]
[null,"\\b","换行符"]
[null,"\\n","横向制表符（TAB）"]
[null,"\\t","纵向制表符"]
[null,"\\v","回车符"]
[null,"\\r","换页符"]
[null,"\\f","八进制数代表的字符"]
[null,"\\o","十六进制数代表的字符"]
[null,"\\x","表示一个空字符"]
[null,"\\0","反斜杠"]
[null,"\\\\"]
{"$rows_empty":7}
[null,"                                                      文件打开模式"]
[]
[null,"打开模式","执行操作"]
[null,"'r'","以只读方式打开文件（默认）"]
[null,"'w'","以写入的方式打开文件，会覆盖已存在的文件"]
[null,"'x'","如果文件已经存在，使用此模式打开将引发异常"]
[null,"'a'","以写入模式打开，如果文件存在，则在末尾追加写入"]
[null,"'b'","以二进制模式打开文件"]
[null,"'t'","以文本模式打开（默认）"]
[null,"'+'","可读写模式（可添加到其他模式中使用）"]
[null,"'U'","通用换行符支持"]
{"$rows_empty":8}
[null,"                                                       文件对象方法"]
[]
[null,"文件对象方法","执行操作"]
[null,"f.close()","关闭文件"]
[null,"f.read([size=-1])","从文件读取size个字符，当未给定size或给定负值的时候，读取剩余的所有字符，然后作为字符串返回"]
[null,"f.readline([size=-1])","从文件中读取并返回一行（包括行结束符），如果有size有定义则返回size个字符"]
[null,"f.write(str)","将字符串str写入文件"]
[null,"f.writelines(seq)","向文件写入字符串序列seq，seq应该是一个返回字符串的可迭代对象"]
[null,"f.seek(offset, from)","在文件中移动文件指针，从from（0代表文件起始位置，1代表当前位置，2代表文件末尾）偏移offset个字节"]
[null,"f.tell()","返回当前在文件中的位置"]
[null,"f.truncate([size=file.tell()])","截取文件到size个字节，默认是截取到文件指针当前位置"]
{"$rows_empty":11}
[null,"                                  os模块中关于文件/目录常用的函数使用方法"]
[]
[]
[null,"函数名","使用方法"]
[null,"getcwd()","返回当前工作目录"]
[null,"chdir(path)","改变工作目录"]
[null,"listdir(path='.')","列举指定目录中的文件名（'.'表示当前目录，'..'表示上一级目录）"]
[null,"mkdir(path)","创建单层目录，如该目录已存在抛出异常"]
[null,"makedirs(path)","递归创建多层目录，如该目录已存在抛出异常，注意：'E:\\\\a\\\\b'和'E:\\\\a\\\\c'并不会冲突"]
[null,"remove(path)","删除文件"]
[null,"rmdir(path)","删除单层目录，如该目录非空则抛出异常"]
[null,"removedirs(path)","递归删除目录，从子目录到父目录逐层尝试删除，遇到目录非空则抛出异常"]
[null,"rename(old, new)","将文件old重命名为new"]
[null,"system(command)","运行系统的shell命令"]
[null,"walk(top)","遍历top路径以下所有的子目录，返回一个三元组：(路径, [包含目录], [包含文件])【具体实现方案请看：第30讲课后作业^_^】"]
[null,"以下是支持路径操作中常用到的一些定义，支持所有平台"]
[null,"os.curdir","指代当前目录（'.'）"]
[null,"os.pardir","指代上一级目录（'..'）"]
[null,"os.sep","输出操作系统特定的路径分隔符（Win下为'\\\\'，Linux下为'/'）"]
[null,"os.linesep","当前平台使用的行终止符（Win下为'\\r\\n'，Linux下为'\\n'）"]
[null,"os.name","指代当前使用的操作系统（包括：'posix',  'nt', 'mac', 'os2', 'ce', 'java'）"]
{"$rows_empty":10}
[null,"os.path模块中关于路径常用的函数使用方法"]
[]
[]
[null,"函数名","使用方法"]
[null,"basename(path)","去掉目录路径，单独返回文件名"]
[null,"dirname(path)","去掉文件名，单独返回目录路径"]
[null,"join(path1[, path2[, ...]])","将path1, path2各部分组合成一个路径名"]
[null,"split(path)","分割文件名与路径，返回(f_path, f_name)元组。如果完全使用目录，它也会将最后一个目录作为文件名分离，且不会判断文件或者目录是否存在"]
[null,"splitext(path)","分离文件名与扩展名，返回(f_name, f_extension)元组"]
[null,"getsize(file)","返回指定文件的尺寸，单位是字节"]
[null,"getatime(file)","返回指定文件最近的访问时间（浮点型秒数，可用time模块的gmtime()或localtime()函数换算）"]
[null,"getctime(file)","返回指定文件的创建时间（浮点型秒数，可用time模块的gmtime()或localtime()函数换算）"]
[null,"getmtime(file)","返回指定文件最新的修改时间（浮点型秒数，可用time模块的gmtime()或localtime()函数换算）"]
[null,"以下为函数返回 True 或 False"]
[null,"exists(path)","判断指定路径（目录或文件）是否存在"]
[null,"isabs(path)","判断指定路径是否为绝对路径"]
[null,"isdir(path)","判断指定路径是否存在且是一个目录"]
[null,"isfile(path)","判断指定路径是否存在且是一个文件"]
[null,"islink(path)","判断指定路径是否存在且是一个符号链接"]
[null,"ismount(path)","判断指定路径是否存在且是一个挂载点"]
[null,"samefile(path1, paht2)","判断path1和path2两个路径是否指向同一个文件"]
{"$rows_empty":9}
[null,"                                                Python标准异常总结"]
[null,"AssertionError"]
[null,"AttributeError"]
[null,"EOFError","断言语句（assert）失败"]
[null,"FloatingPointError","尝试访问未知的对象属性"]
[null,"GeneratorExit","用户输入文件末尾标志EOF（Ctrl+d）"]
[null,"ImportError","浮点计算错误"]
[null,"IndexError","generator.close()方法被调用的时候"]
[null,"KeyError","导入模块失败的时候"]
[null,"KeyboardInterrupt","索引超出序列的范围"]
[null,"MemoryError","字典中查找一个不存在的关键字"]
[null,"NameError","用户输入中断键（Ctrl+c）"]
[null,"NotImplementedError","内存溢出（可通过删除对象释放内存）"]
[null,"OSError","尝试访问一个不存在的变量"]
[null,"OverflowError","尚未实现的方法"]
[null,"ReferenceError","操作系统产生的异常（例如打开一个不存在的文件）"]
[null,"RuntimeError","数值运算超出最大限制"]
[null,"StopIteration","弱引用（weak reference）试图访问一个已经被垃圾回收机制回收了的对象"]
[null,"SyntaxError","一般的运行时错误"]
[null,"IndentationError","迭代器没有更多的值"]
[null,"TabError","Python的语法错误"]
[null,"SystemError","缩进错误"]
[null,"SystemExit","Tab和空格混合使用"]
[null,"TypeError","Python编译器系统错误"]
[null,"UnboundLocalError","Python编译器进程被关闭"]
[null,"UnicodeError","不同类型间的无效操作"]
[null,"UnicodeEncodeError","访问一个未初始化的本地变量（NameError的子类）"]
[null,"UnicodeDecodeError","Unicode相关的错误（ValueError的子类）"]
[null,"UnicodeTranslateError","Unicode编码时的错误（UnicodeError的子类）"]
[null,"ValueError","Unicode解码时的错误（UnicodeError的子类）"]
[null,"ZeroDivisionError","Unicode转换时的错误（UnicodeError的子类）"]
[null,null,"传入无效的参数"]
[null,null,"除数为零"]
{"$rows_empty":17}
[null,null,"以下是 Python 内置异常类的层次结构："]
[null,null,"BaseException"]
[null,null,"+-- SystemExit"]
[null,null,"+-- KeyboardInterrupt"]
[null,null,"+-- GeneratorExit"]
[null,null,"+-- Exception"]
[null,null,"      +-- StopIteration"]
[null,null,"      +-- ArithmeticError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- FloatingPointError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- OverflowError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- ZeroDivisionError"]
[null,null,"      +-- AssertionError"]
[null,null,"      +-- AttributeError"]
[null,null,"      +-- BufferError"]
[null,null,"      +-- EOFError"]
[null,null,"      +-- ImportError"]
[null,null,"      +-- LookupError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- IndexError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- KeyError"]
[null,null,"      +-- MemoryError"]
[null,null,"      +-- NameError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- UnboundLocalError"]
[null,null,"      +-- OSError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- BlockingIOError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- ChildProcessError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- ConnectionError"]
[null,null,"      |    |    +-- BrokenPipeError"]
[null,null,"      |    |    +-- ConnectionAbortedError"]
[null,null,"      |    |    +-- ConnectionRefusedError"]
[null,null,"      |    |    +-- ConnectionResetError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- FileExistsError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- FileNotFoundError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- InterruptedError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- IsADirectoryError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- NotADirectoryError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- PermissionError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- ProcessLookupError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- TimeoutError"]
[null,null,"      +-- ReferenceError"]
[null,null,"      +-- RuntimeError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- NotImplementedError"]
[null,null,"      +-- SyntaxError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- IndentationError"]
[null,null,"      |         +-- TabError"]
[null,null,"      +-- SystemError"]
[null,null,"      +-- TypeError"]
[null,null,"      +-- ValueError"]
[null,null,"      |    +-- UnicodeError"]
[null,null,"      |         +-- UnicodeDecodeError"]
[null,null,"      |         +-- UnicodeEncodeError"]
[null,null,"      |         +-- UnicodeTranslateError"]
[null,null,"      +-- Warning"]
[null,null,"           +-- DeprecationWarning"]
[null,null,"           +-- PendingDeprecationWarning"]
[null,null,"           +-- RuntimeWarning"]
[null,null,"           +-- SyntaxWarning"]
[null,null,"           +-- UserWarning"]
[null,null,"           +-- FutureWarning"]
[null,null,"           +-- ImportWarning"]
[null,null,"           +-- UnicodeWarning"]
[null,null,"           +-- BytesWarning"]
[null,null,"           +-- ResourceWarning"]
{"$rows_empty":11}
[null,"魔法方法","含义"]
[null,null,"基本的魔法方法"]
[null,"__new__(cls[, ...])","1. __new__ 是在一个对象实例化的时候所调用的第一个方法"]
[null,null,"2. 它的第一个参数是这个类，其他的参数是用来直接传递给 __init__ 方法"]
[null,null,"3. __new__ 决定是否要使用该 __init__ 方法，因为 __new__ 可以调用其他类的构造方法或者直接返回别的实例对象来作为本类的实例，如果 __new__ 没有返回实例对象，则 __init__ 不会被调用"]
[null,null,"4. __new__ 主要是用于继承一个不可变的类型比如一个 tuple 或者 string"]
[null,"__init__(self[, ...])","构造器，当一个实例被创建的时候调用的初始化方法"]
[null,"__del__(self)","析构器，当一个实例被销毁的时候调用的方法"]
[null,"__call__(self[, args...])","允许一个类的实例像函数一样被调用：x(a, b) 调用 x.__call__(a, b)"]
[null,"__len__(self)","定义当被 len() 调用时的行为"]
[null,"__repr__(self)","定义当被 repr() 调用时的行为"]
[null,"__str__(self)","定义当被 str() 调用时的行为"]
[null,"__bytes__(self)","定义当被 bytes() 调用时的行为"]
[null,"__hash__(self)","定义当被 hash() 调用时的行为"]
[null,"__bool__(self)","定义当被 bool() 调用时的行为，应该返回 True 或 False"]
[null,"__format__(self, format_spec)","定义当被 format() 调用时的行为"]
[null,null,"有关属性"]
[null,"__getattr__(self, name)","定义当用户试图获取一个不存在的属性时的行为"]
[null,"__getattribute__(self, name)","定义当该类的属性被访问时的行为"]
[null,"__setattr__(self, name, value)","定义当一个属性被设置时的行为"]
[null,"__delattr__(self, name)","定义当一个属性被删除时的行为"]
[null,"__dir__(self)","定义当 dir() 被调用时的行为"]
[null,"__get__(self, instance, owner)","定义当描述符的值被取得时的行为"]
[null,"__set__(self, instance, value)","定义当描述符的值被改变时的行为"]
[null,"__delete__(self, instance)","定义当描述符的值被删除时的行为"]
[null,null,"比较操作符"]
[null,"__lt__(self, other)","定义小于号的行为：x < y 调用 x.__lt__(y)"]
[null,"__le__(self, other)","定义小于等于号的行为：x <= y 调用 x.__le__(y)"]
[null,"__eq__(self, other)","定义等于号的行为：x == y 调用 x.__eq__(y)"]
[null,"__ne__(self, other)","定义不等号的行为：x != y 调用 x.__ne__(y)"]
[null,"__gt__(self, other)","定义大于号的行为：x > y 调用 x.__gt__(y)"]
[null,"__ge__(self, other)","定义大于等于号的行为：x >= y 调用 x.__ge__(y)"]
[null,null,"算数运算符"]
[null,"__add__(self, other)","定义加法的行为：+"]
[null,"__sub__(self, other)","定义减法的行为：-"]
[null,"__mul__(self, other)","定义乘法的行为：*"]
[null,"__truediv__(self, other)","定义真除法的行为：/"]
[null,"__floordiv__(self, other)","定义整数除法的行为：//"]
[null,"__mod__(self, other)","定义取模算法的行为：%"]
[null,"__divmod__(self, other)","定义当被 divmod() 调用时的行为"]
[null,"__pow__(self, other[, modulo])","定义当被 power() 调用或 ** 运算时的行为"]
[null,"__lshift__(self, other)","定义按位左移位的行为：<<"]
[null,"__rshift__(self, other)","定义按位右移位的行为：>>"]
[null,"__and__(self, other)","定义按位与操作的行为：&"]
[null,"__xor__(self, other)","定义按位异或操作的行为：^"]
[null,"__or__(self, other)","定义按位或操作的行为：|"]
[null,null,"反运算"]
[null,"__radd__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rsub__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rmul__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rtruediv__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rfloordiv__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rmod__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rdivmod__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rpow__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rlshift__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rrshift__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rand__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__rxor__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
[null,"__ror__(self, other)","（与上方相同，当左操作数不支持相应的操作时被调用）"]
{"$rows_empty":12}
[null,"                                增量赋值运算"]
[null,"__iadd__(self, other)","定义赋值加法的行为：+="]
[null,"__isub__(self, other)","定义赋值减法的行为：-="]
[null,"__imul__(self, other)","定义赋值乘法的行为：*="]
[null,"__itruediv__(self, other)","定义赋值真除法的行为：/="]
[null,"__ifloordiv__(self, other)","定义赋值整数除法的行为：//="]
[null,"__imod__(self, other)","定义赋值取模算法的行为：%="]
[null,"__ipow__(self, other[, modulo])","定义赋值幂运算的行为：**="]
[null,"__ilshift__(self, other)","定义赋值按位左移位的行为：<<="]
[null,"__irshift__(self, other)","定义赋值按位右移位的行为：>>="]
[null,"__iand__(self, other)","定义赋值按位与操作的行为：&="]
[null,"__ixor__(self, other)","定义赋值按位异或操作的行为：^="]
[null,"__ior__(self, other)","定义赋值按位或操作的行为：|="]
[null,null,"一元操作符"]
[null,"__pos__(self)","定义正号的行为：+x"]
[null,"__neg__(self)","定义负号的行为：-x"]
[null,"__abs__(self)","定义当被 abs() 调用时的行为"]
[null,"__invert__(self)","定义按位求反的行为：~x"]
[null,null,"类型转换"]
[null,"__complex__(self)","定义当被 complex() 调用时的行为（需要返回恰当的值）"]
[null,"__int__(self)","定义当被 int() 调用时的行为（需要返回恰当的值）"]
[null,"__float__(self)","定义当被 float() 调用时的行为（需要返回恰当的值）"]
[null,"__round__(self[, n])","定义当被 round() 调用时的行为（需要返回恰当的值）"]
[null,"__index__(self)","1. 当对象是被应用在切片表达式中时，实现整形强制转换"]
[null,null,"2. 如果你定义了一个可能在切片时用到的定制的数值型,你应该定义 __index__"]
[null,null,"3. 如果 __index__ 被定义，则 __int__ 也需要被定义，且返回相同的值"]
[null,null,"上下文管理（with 语句）"]
[null,"__enter__(self)","1. 定义当使用 with 语句时的初始化行为"]
[null,null,"2. __enter__ 的返回值被 with 语句的目标或者 as 后的名字绑定"]
[null,"__exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback)","1. 定义当一个代码块被执行或者终止后上下文管理器应该做什么"]
[null,null,"2. 一般被用来处理异常，清除工作或者做一些代码块执行完毕之后的日常工作"]
[null,null,"容器类型"]
[null,"__len__(self)","定义当被 len() 调用时的行为（返回容器中元素的个数）"]
[null,"__getitem__(self, key)","定义获取容器中指定元素的行为，相当于 self[key]"]
[null,"__setitem__(self, key, value)","定义设置容器中指定元素的行为，相当于 self[key] = value"]
[null,"__delitem__(self, key)","定义删除容器中指定元素的行为，相当于 del self[key]"]
[null,"__iter__(self)","定义当迭代容器中的元素的行为"]
[null,"__reversed__(self)","定义当被 reversed() 调用时的行为"]
[null,"__contains__(self, item)","定义当使用成员测试运算符（in 或 not in）时的行为"]
{"$rows_empty":8}
[null,"                                     判断字符串"]
[null,"s.isalnum()","所有字符都是数字或者字母，为真返回 Ture，否则返回 False"]
[null,"s.isalpha()","所有字符都是字母，为真返回 Ture，否则返回 False。  "]
[null,"s.isdigit()   ","所有字符都是数字，为真返回 Ture，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"s.islower()      ","所有字符都是小写，为真返回 Ture，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"s.isupper()  ","所有字符都是大写，为真返回 Ture，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"s.istitle()        ","所有单词都是首字母大写，为真返回 Ture，否则返回 False。"]
[null,"s.isspace()   ","所有字符都是空白字符，为真返回 Ture，否则返回 False。"]
{"$rows_empty":7}
[null,null,"time 模块 -- 时间获取和转换"]
[]
[null,null,"time 模块提供各种时间相关的功能"]
[]
[null,null,"在 Python 中，与时间处理有关的模块包括：time，datetime 以及 calendar"]
[]
[]
[null,null,"必要说明："]
[]
[null,null,"虽然这个模块总是可用，但并非所有的功能都适用于各个平台。"]
[null,null,"该模块中定义的大部分函数是调用 C 平台上的同名函数实现，所以各个平台上实现可能略有不同。"]
[]
[]
[null,null,"一些术语和约定的解释："]
[]
[null,null,"时间戳（timestamp）的方式：通常来说，时间戳表示的是从 1970 年 1 月 1 日 00:00:00 开始按秒计算的偏移量（time.gmtime(0)）此模块中的函数无法处理 1970 纪元年以前的日期和时间或太遥远的未来（处理极限取决于 C 函数库，对于 32 位系统来说，是 2038 年）"]
[null,null,"UTC（Coordinated Universal Time，世界协调时）也叫格林威治天文时间，是世界标准时间。在中国为 UTC+8"]
[null,null,"DST（Daylight Saving Time）即夏令时的意思"]
[null,null,"一些实时函数的计算精度可能低于它们建议的值或参数，例如在大部分 Unix 系统，时钟一秒钟“滴答”50~100 次"]
{"$rows_empty":9}
[null,"时间元祖（time.struct_time）："]
[null,"gmtime()，localtime() 和 strptime() 以时间元祖（struct_time）的形式返回。"]
[null,"索引值（Index）","属性（Attribute）","值（Values）"]
[null,0,"tm_year（年）","（例如：2015）"]
[null,1,"tm_mon（月）","1 ~ 12"]
[null,2,"tm_mday（日）","1 ~ 31"]
[null,3,"tm_hour（时）","0 ~ 23"]
[null,4,"tm_min（分）","0 ~ 59"]
[null,5,"tm_sec（秒）","0 ~ 61（见下方注1）"]
[null,6,"tm_wday（星期几）","0 ~ 6（0 表示星期一）"]
[null,7,"tm_yday（一年中的第几天）","1 ~ 366"]
[null,8,"tm_isdst（是否为夏令时）","0， 1， -1（-1 代表夏令时）"]
[]
[null,"注1：范围真的是 0 ~ 61（你没有看错哦^_^）；60 代表闰秒，61 是基于历史原因保留。"]
{"$rows_empty":9}
[null,"time.altzone"]
[]
[null,"返回格林威治西部的夏令时地区的偏移秒数；如果该地区在格林威治东部会返回负值（如西欧，包括英国）；对夏令时启用地区才能使用。"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.asctime([t])"]
[]
[null,"接受时间元组并返回一个可读的形式为\"Tue Dec 11 18:07:14 2015\"（2015年12月11日 周二 18时07分14秒）的 24 个字符的字符串。"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.clock()"]
[]
[null,"用以浮点数计算的秒数返回当前的 CPU 时间。用来衡量不同程序的耗时，比 time.time() 更有用。"]
[]
[null,"Python 3.3 以后不被推荐，由于该方法依赖操作系统，建议使用 perf_counter() 或 process_time() 代替（一个返回系统运行时间，一个返回进程运行时间，请按照实际需求选择）"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.ctime([secs]) "]
[]
[null,"作用相当于 asctime(localtime(secs))，未给参数相当于 asctime()"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.gmtime([secs])"]
[]
[null,"接收时间辍（1970 纪元年后经过的浮点秒数）并返回格林威治天文时间下的时间元组 t（注：t.tm_isdst 始终为 0）"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.daylight"]
[]
[null,"如果夏令时被定义，则该值为非零。"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.localtime([secs])"]
[]
[null,"接收时间辍（1970 纪元年后经过的浮点秒数）并返回当地时间下的时间元组 t（t.tm_isdst 可取 0 或 1，取决于当地当时是不是夏令时）"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.mktime(t)"]
[]
[null,"接受时间元组并返回时间辍（1970纪元后经过的浮点秒数）"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.perf_counter()"]
[]
[null,"返回计时器的精准时间（系统的运行时间），包含整个系统的睡眠时间。由于返回值的基准点是未定义的，所以，只有连续调用的结果之间的差才是有效的。"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.process_time() "]
[]
[null,"返回当前进程执行 CPU 的时间总和，不包含睡眠时间。由于返回值的基准点是未定义的，所以，只有连续调用的结果之间的差才是有效的。"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.sleep(secs)"]
[]
[null,"推迟调用线程的运行，secs 的单位是秒。"]
[]
[]
[null,"time.strftime(format[, t]) "]
[]
[null,"把一个代表时间的元组或者 struct_time（如由 time.localtime() 和 time.gmtime() 返回）转化为格式化的时间字符串。如果 t 未指定，将传入 time.localtime()。如果元组中任何一个元素越界，将会抛出 ValueError 异常。"]
{"$rows_empty":17}
[null,"format 格式如下："]
[null,"格式","含义","备注"]
[null,"%a","本地（locale）简化星期名称"]
[null,"%A","本地完整星期名称"]
[null,"%b","本地简化月份名称"]
[null,"%B","本地完整月份名称"]
[null,"%c","本地相应的日期和时间表示"]
[null,"%d","一个月中的第几天（01 - 31）"]
[null,"%H","一天中的第几个小时（24 小时制，00 - 23）"]
[null,"%l","一天中的第几个小时（12 小时制，01 - 12）"]
[null,"%j","一年中的第几天（001 - 366）"]
[null,"%m","月份（01 - 12）"]
[null,"%M","分钟数（00 - 59）"]
[null,"%p","本地 am 或者 pm 的相应符","注1"]
[null,"%S","秒（01 - 61）","注2"]
[null,"%U","一年中的星期数（00 - 53 星期天是一个星期的开始）第一个星期天之前的所有天数都放在第 0 周","注3"]
[null,"%w","一个星期中的第几天（0 - 6，0 是星期天）","注3"]
[null,"%W","和 %U 基本相同，不同的是 %W 以星期一为一个星期的开始"]
[null,"%x","本地相应日期"]
[null,"%X","本地相应时间"]
[null,"%y","去掉世纪的年份（00 - 99）"]
[null,"%Y","完整的年份"]
[null,"%z","用 +HHMM 或 -HHMM 表示距离格林威治的时区偏移（H 代表十进制的小时数，M 代表十进制的分钟数）"]
[null,"%Z","时区的名字（如果不存在为空字符）"]
[null,"%%","%号本身"]
[]
[null,"注1：“%p”只有与“%I”配合使用才有效果。"]
[null,"注2：范围真的是 0 ~ 61（你没有看错哦^_^）；60 代表闰秒，61 是基于历史原因保留。"]
[null,"注3：当使用 strptime() 函数时，只有当在这年中的周数和天数被确定的时候 %U 和 %W 才会被计算。"]
{"$rows_empty":10}
[null,"                  Python3 正则表达式特殊符号及用法（详细列表）"]
[null,"字符","含义"]
[null,".","表示匹配除了换行符外的任何字符"]
[null,null,"注：通过设置 re.DOTALL 标志可以使 . 匹配任何字符（包含换行符）"]
[null,"|","A | B，表示匹配正则表达式 A 或者 B"]
[null,"^","1. （脱字符）匹配输入字符串的开始位置"]
[null,null,"2. 如果设置了 re.MULTILINE 标志，^ 也匹配换行符之后的位置"]
[null,"$","1. 匹配输入字符串的结束位置"]
[null,null,"2. 如果设置了 re.MULTILINE 标志，$ 也匹配换行符之前的位置"]
[null,"\\","1. 将一个普通字符变成特殊字符，例如 \\d 表示匹配所有十进制数字"]
[null,null,"2. 解除元字符的特殊功能，例如 \\. 表示匹配点号本身"]
[null,null,"3. 引用序号对应的子组所匹配的字符串"]
[null,null,"4. 详见下方列举"]
[null,"[...]","字符类，匹配所包含的任意一个字符"]
[null,null,"注1：连字符 - 如果出现在字符串中间表示字符范围描述；如果如果出现在首位则仅作为普通字符"]
[null,null,"注2：特殊字符仅有反斜线 \\ 保持特殊含义，用于转义字符。其它特殊字符如 *、+、? 等均作为普通字符匹配"]
[null,null,"注3：脱字符 ^ 如果出现在首位则表示匹配不包含其中的任意字符；如果 ^ 出现在字符串中间就仅作为普通字符匹配"]
[null,"{M,N}","M 和 N 均为非负整数，其中 M <= N，表示前边的 RE 匹配 M ~ N 次"]
[null,null,"注1：{M,} 表示至少匹配 M 次"]
[null,null,"注2：{,N} 等价于 {0,N}"]
[null,null,"注3：{N} 表示需要匹配 N 次"]
[null,"*","匹配前面的子表达式零次或多次，等价于 {0,}"]
[null,"+","匹配前面的子表达式一次或多次，等价于 {1,}"]
[null,"?","匹配前面的子表达式零次或一次，等价于 {0,1}"]
[null,"*?, +?, ??","默认情况下 *、+ 和 ? 的匹配模式是贪婪模式（即会尽可能多地匹配符合规则的字符串）；*?、+? 和 ?? 表示启用对应的非贪婪模式。"]
[null,null,"举个栗子：对于字符串 \"FishCCC\"，正则表达式 FishC+ 会匹配整个字符串，而 FishC+? 则匹配 \"FishC\"。"]
[null,"{M,N}?","同上，启用非贪婪模式，即只匹配 M 次"]
[null,"(...)","匹配圆括号中的正则表达式，或者指定一个子组的开始和结束位置"]
[null,null,"注：子组的内容可以在匹配之后被 \\数字 再次引用 "]
[null,null,"举个栗子：(\\w+) \\1 可以字符串 \"FishC FishC.com\" 中的 \"FishC FishC\"（注意有空格）"]
[null,"(?...)","(? 开头的表示为正则表达式的扩展语法（下边这些是 Python 支持的所有扩展语法）"]
[null,"(?aiLmsux)","1. (? 后可以紧跟着 'a'，'i'，'L'，'m'，'s'，'u'，'x' 中的一个或多个字符，只能在正则表达式的开头使用"]
[null,null,"2. 每一个字符对应一种匹配标志：re-A（只匹配 ASCII 字符），re-I（忽略大小写），re-L（区域设置），re-M（多行模式）, re-S（. 匹配任何符号），re-X（详细表达式），包含这些字符将会影响整个正则表达式的规则"]
[null,null,"3. 当你不想通过 re.compile() 设置正则表达式标志，这种方法就非常有用啦"]
[null,null,"注意，由于 (?x) 决定正则表达式如何被解析，所以它应该总是被放在最前边（最多允许前边有空白符）。如果 (?x) 的前边是非空白字符，那么 (?x) 就发挥不了作用了。"]
[null,"(?:...)","非捕获组，即该子组匹配的字符串无法从后边获取"]
[null,"(?P<name>...)","命名组，通过组的名字（name）即可访问到子组匹配的字符串"]
[null,"(?P=name)","反向引用一个命名组，它匹配指定命名组匹配的任何内容"]
[null,"(?#...)","注释，括号中的内容将被忽略"]
[null,"(?=...)","前向肯定断言。如果当前包含的正则表达式（这里以 ... 表示）在当前位置成功匹配，则代表成功，否则失败。一旦该部分正则表达式被匹配引擎尝试过，就不会继续进行匹配了；剩下的模式在此断言开始的地方继续尝试。"]
[null,null,"举个栗子：love(?=FishC) 只匹配后边紧跟着 \"FishC\" 的字符串 \"love\""]
[null,"(?!...)","前向否定断言。这跟前向肯定断言相反（不匹配则表示成功，匹配表示失败）。"]
[null,null,"举个栗子：FishC(?!\\.com) 只匹配后边不是 \".com\" 的字符串 \"FishC\""]
[null,"(?<=...)","后向肯定断言。跟前向肯定断言一样，只是方向相反。"]
[null,null,"举个栗子：(?<=love)FishC 只匹配前边紧跟着 \"love\" 的字符串 \"FishC\""]
[null,"(?<!...)","后向否定断言。跟前向肯定断言一样，只是方向相反。"]
[null,null,"举个栗子：(?<!FishC)\\.com 只匹配前边不是 \"FishC\" 的字符串 \".com\""]
[null,"(?(id/name)yes-pattern|no-pattern)","1. 如果子组的序号或名字存在的话，则尝试 yes-pattern 匹配模式；否则尝试 no-pattern 匹配模式"]
[null,null,"2. no-pattern 是可选的"]
[null,null,"举个栗子：(<)?(\\w+@\\w+(?:\\.\\w+)+)(?(1)>|$) 是一个匹配邮件格式的正则表达式，可以匹配 <user@fishc.com> 和 'user@fishc.com'，但是不会匹配 '<user@fishc.com' 或 'user@fishc.com>'"]
[null,"\\","下边列举了由字符 '\\' 和另一个字符组成的特殊含义。注意，'\\' + 元字符的组合可以解除元字符的特殊功能"]
[null,"\\序号","1. 引用序号对应的子组所匹配的字符串，子组的序号从 1 开始计算"]
[null,null,"2. 如果序号是以 0 开头，或者 3 个数字的长度。那么不会被用于引用对应的子组，而是用于匹配八进制数字所表示的 ASCII 码值对应的字符"]
[null,null,"举个栗子：(.+) \\1 会匹配 \"FishC FishC\" 或 \"55 55\"，但不会匹配 \"FishCFishC\"（注意，因为子组后边还有一个空格）"]
[null,"\\A","匹配输入字符串的开始位置"]
[null,"\\Z","匹配输入字符串的结束位置"]
[null,"\\b","匹配一个单词边界，单词被定义为 Unidcode 的字母数字或下横线字符"]
[null,null,"举个栗子：\\bFishC\\b 会匹配字符串 \"love FishC\"、FishC.\" 或 \"(FishC)\""]
[null,"\\B","匹配非单词边界，其实就是与 \\b 相反"]
[null,null,"举个栗子：py\\B 会匹配字符串 \"python\"、\"py3\"  或 \"py2\"，但不会匹配 \"py  \"、\"py.\" 或  \"py!\""]
[null,"\\d","1. 对于 Unicode（str 类型）模式：匹配任何一个数字，包括 [0-9] 和其他数字字符；如果开启了 re.ASCII 标志，就只匹配 [0-9]"]
[null,null,"2. 对于 8 位（bytes 类型）模式：匹配 [0-9] 中任何一个数字"]
[null,"\\D","匹配任何非 Unicode 的数字，其实就是与 \\d 相反；如果开启了 re.ASCII 标志，则相当于匹配 [^0-9]"]
[null,"\\s","1. 对于 Unicode（str 类型）模式：匹配 Unicode 中的空白字符（包括 [ \\t\\n\\r\\f\\v] 以及其他空白字符）；如果开启了 re.ASCII 标志，就只匹配 [ \\t\\n\\r\\f\\v]"]
[null,null,"2. 对于 8 位（bytes 类型）模式：匹配 ASCII 中定义的空白字符，即 [ \\t\\n\\r\\f\\v]"]
[null,"\\S","匹配任何非 Unicode 中的空白字符，其实就是与 \\s 相反；如果开启了 re.ASCII 标志，则相当于匹配 [^ \\t\\n\\r\\f\\v]"]
[null,"\\w","1. 对于 Unicode（str 类型）模式：匹配任何 Unicode 的单词字符，基本上所有语言的字符都可以匹配，当然也包括数字和下横线；如果开启了 re.ASCII 标志，就只匹配 [a-zA-Z0-9_]"]
[null,null,"2. 对于 8 位（bytes 类型）模式：匹配 ASCII 中定义的字母数字，即 [a-zA-Z0-9_]"]
[null,"\\W","匹配任何非 Unicode 的单词字符，其实就是与 \\w 相反；如果开启了 re.ASCII 标志，则相当于 [^a-zA-Z0-9_]"]
[null,"转义符号","正则表达式还支持大部分 Python 字符串的转义符号：\\a，\\b，\\f，\\n，\\r，\\t，\\u，\\U，\\v，\\x，\\\\"]
[null,null,"注1：\\b 通常用于匹配一个单词边界，只有在字符类中才表示“退格”"]
[null,null,"注2：\\u 和 \\U 只有在 Unicode 模式下才会被识别"]
[null,null,"注3：八进制转义（\\数字）是有限制的，如果第一个数字是 0，或者如果有 3 个八进制数字，那么就被认为是八进制数；其他情况则被认为是子组引用；至于字符串，八进制转义总是最多只能是 3 个数字的长度"]
{"$rows_empty":16}
[null,"HTTPError 是 URLError 的子类，服务器上每一个 HTTP 的响应都包含一个数字的“状态码”。"]
[]
[null,"有时候状态码会指出服务器无法完成的请求类型，一般情况下 Python 会帮你处理一部分这类响应（例如，响应的是一个“重定向”，要求客户端从别的地址来获取文档，那么 urllib 会自动为你处理这个响应。）；但是呢，有一些无法处理的，就会抛出 HTTPError 异常。这些异常包括典型的：404（页面无法找到），403（请求禁止）和 401（验证请求）。"]
[]
[null,"因为 Python 默认会自动帮你处理重定向方面的内容（状态码 300 ~ 399 范围），状态码 100 ~ 299 的范围是表示成功，所以你需要关注的是 400 ~ 599 这个范围的状态码（因为它们代表响应出了问题）。"]
[]
[null,"其中，出现 4xx 的状态码，说明问题来自客户端，就是你自己哪里做错了；出现 5xx 的状态码，那就表示与你无关了，是来自服务器的问题。"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"  ","  "]
[null,"状态码","内容","详细内容"]
[null,null,"  ","  "]
[null,"                        "]
[null,"  ","这一类型的状态码，代表请求已被接受，需要继续处理。"]
[null,"1xx"]
[null,"  "]
[null,"  ","  ","收到请求，客户端应当继续发送请求。"]
[null,100,"Continue"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器通过 Upgrade 消息头通知客户端采用不同的协议来完成这个请求。"]
[null,101,"Switching  Protocols"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[]
[null,"  ","成功 | 这一类型的状态码，代表请求已成功被服务器接收、理解、并接受。"]
[null,"2xx"]
[null,"  "]
[null,"  ","  ","请求已成功，请求的响应头或数据体将随此响应返回。"]
[null,200,"OK"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","请求已经被实现，而且有一个新的资源已经依据请求的需要而创建，且其 URI 已经随 Location  头信息返回。"]
[null,201,"Created"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器已接受请求，但尚未处理。正如它可能被拒绝一样，最终该请求可能会也可能不会被执行。"]
[null,202,"Accepted"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器已成功处理了请求，但返回的实体头部元信息不是在原始服务器上有效的确定集合，而是来自本地或者第三方的拷贝。"]
[null,203,"Non-Authoritative  Information"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器成功处理了请求，但没有返回任何实体内容。"]
[null,204,"No  Content"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器成功处理了请求，且没有返回任何内容。但是与204响应不同，返回此状态码的响应要求请求者重置文档视图。"]
[null,205,"Reset  Content"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器已经成功处理了部分 GET 请求。"]
[null,206,"Partial  Content"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[]
[null,"  ","重定向 | 这类状态码代表需要客户端采取进一步的操作才能完成请求。通常，这些状态码用来重定向，后续的请求地址（重定向目标）在本次响应的 Location 域中指明。"]
[null,"3xx"]
[null,"  "]
[null,"  ","  ","被请求的资源有一系列可供选择的回馈信息，每个都有自己特定的地址和浏览器驱动的商议信息。用户或浏览器能够自行选择一个首选的地址进行重定向。"]
[null,300,"Multiple  Choices"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","被请求的资源已永久移动到新位置，并且将来任何对此资源的引用都应该使用本响应返回的若干个 URI 之一。"]
[null,301,"Moved  Permanently"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","请求的资源现在临时从不同的 URI 响应请求。由于这样的重定向是临时的，客户端应当继续向原有地址发送以后的请求。"]
[null,302,"Found"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","对应当前请求的响应可以在另一个 URI 上被找到，而且客户端应当采用 GET 的方式访问那个资源。"]
[null,303,"See  Other"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","如果客户端发送了一个带条件的 GET 请求且该请求已被允许，而文档的内容（自上次访问以来或者根据请求的条件）并没有改变，则服务器应当返回这个状态码。"]
[null,304,"Not  Modified"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","被请求的资源必须通过指定的代理才能被访问。Location  域中将给出指定的代理所在的URI信息，接收者需要重复发送一个单独的请求，通过这个代理才能访问相应资源。"]
[null,305,"Use  Proxy"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","请求的资源现在临时从不同的 URI 响应请求。由于这样的重定向是临时的，客户端应当继续向原有地址发送以后的请求。"]
[null,307,"Temporary  Redirect"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[]
[null,"  ","客户端错误 | 这类的状态码代表了客户端看起来可能发生了错误，妨碍了服务器的处理。"]
[null,"4xx"]
[null,"  "]
[null,"  ","  ","由于包含语法错误，当前请求无法被服务器理解。"]
[null,400,"Bad  Request"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","当前请求需要用户验证。"]
[null,401,"Unauthorized"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","该状态码是为了将来可能的需求而预留的。"]
[null,402,"Payment  Required"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器已经理解请求，但是拒绝执行它。"]
[null,403,"Forbidden"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","请求失败，请求的资源在服务器上找不到。"]
[null,404,"Not  Found"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","请求中指定的请求方法不能被用于请求相应的资源。"]
[null,405,"Method  Not Allowed"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","请求的资源的内容特性无法满足请求头中的条件，因而无法生成响应实体。"]
[null,406,"Not  Acceptable"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","与 401 状态码类似，只不过客户端必须在代理服务器上进行身份验证。"]
[null,407,"Proxy  Authentication Required"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","请求超时。客户端没有在服务器预备等待的时间内完成一个请求的发送。"]
[null,408,"Request  Timeout"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","由于和被请求的资源的当前状态之间存在冲突，请求无法完成。"]
[null,409,"Conflict"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","被请求的资源在服务器上已经不再可用，而且没有任何已知的转发地址。"]
[null,410,"Gone"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器拒绝在没有定义  Content-Length 头的情况下接受请求。"]
[null,411,"Length  Required"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器在验证在请求的头字段中给出先决条件时，没能满足其中的一个或多个。"]
[null,412,"Precondition  Failed"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器拒绝处理当前请求，因为该请求提交的实体数据大小超过了服务器愿意或者能够处理的范围。"]
[null,413,"Request  Entity Too Large"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","请求的 URI 长度超过了服务器能够解释的长度，因此服务器拒绝对该请求提供服务。"]
[null,414,"Request-URI  Too Long"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","对于当前请求的方法和所请求的资源，请求中提交的实体并不是服务器中所支持的格式，因此请求被拒绝。"]
[null,415,"Unsupported  Media Type"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","如果请求中包含了 Range 请求头，并且 Range 中指定的任何数据范围都与当前资源的可用范围不重合，同时请求中又没有定义 If-Range 请求头，那么服务器就应当返回 416 状态码。"]
[null,416,"Requested  Range Not Satisfiable"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","在请求头 Expect 中指定的预期内容无法被服务器满足，或者这个服务器是一个代理服务器，它有明显的证据证明在当前路由的下一个节点上，Expect 的内容无法被满足。"]
[null,417,"Expectation  Failed"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[]
[null,"  ","服务器错误 | 这类状态码代表了服务器在处理请求的过程中有错误或者异常状态发生。"]
[null,"5xx"]
[null,"  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器遇到了一个未曾预料的状况，导致了它无法完成对请求的处理。"]
[null,500,"Internal  Server Error"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器不支持当前请求所需要的某个功能。"]
[null,501,"Not  Implemented"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","作为网关或者代理工作的服务器尝试执行请求时，从上游服务器接收到无效的响应。"]
[null,502,"Bad  Gateway"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","由于临时的服务器维护或者过载，服务器当前无法处理请求。"]
[null,503,"Service  Unavailable"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","作为网关或者代理工作的服务器尝试执行请求时，未能及时从上游服务器（URI 标识出的服务器，例如 HTTP、FTP、LDAP）或者辅助服务器（例如 DNS）收到响应。"]
[null,504,"Gateway  Timeout"]
[null,"  ","  "]
[null,"  ","  ","服务器不支持，或者拒绝支持在请求中使用的HTTP版本。"]
[null,505,"HTTP  Version Not Supported"]
[null,"  ","  "]